Monthly Archives: August 2010

Kieran’s Our City, Our Town, 12 August 2010

552a. Gerald Goldberg

Kieran’s Our City, Our Town, Cork Independent,

12 August 2010

 

In the Footsteps of St. Finbarre (Part 224)

Politics and Literary Treasures

Gerald Goldberg had a long career with enormous and varied interests in politics and culture. The numerous articles and books collected in Cork City Library pertaining to his work reveal a passionate and energetic man, not afraid to comment on the importance of the arts in building Ireland’s identity but also speaking out against atrocity.

In 1967, Gerald, who had built up a successful legal practice as a criminal lawyer, entered local politics running as an Independent councillor candidate in the south east ward of Cork City. Securing a seat, he spent seven years as an Independent before joining Fianna Fáil, argued as an attempt to be in the running of being Lord Mayor. Cork Corporation elected him Lord Mayor in 1977. During his speech, the new Lord Mayor spoke in Irish and then in Hebrew. He said he was a Corkman born and bred and was proud of his city and people. During his year as Lord Mayor of Cork in 1977, he received death threats which he blamed on unbalanced media reporting on the Israeli army’s invasion of Lebanon in 1982 and the death of two Irish peacekeeping soldiers there. As a result he considered leaving Ireland. The synagogue in Cork was fire-bombed at the time. Israel’s relations with Ireland were strained for many years because of the issue of Irish peacekeepers being injured or killed while serving in Lebanon. Protests, appeals and anti-semitic comments/abusive phone calls were often received during those years by Jewish community offices.

Gerald had an acute interest in the arts. When he was a student, he began a collection of gramophone recordings of rare and classical music. In time he was a governor of the National Gallery of Ireland, a member of the Irish Contemporary Art Society and of the Irish Graphic Society. He had a keen interest in history especially local history of Cork and published a number of books including The Adventurers of Cork; A History of the Jews of Cork and Johnathan Swift and contemporary Cork. He also contributed the article on the Jews of Ireland in the Encyclopedia of Ireland and a chapter on Cork to the History of the Jews in Ireland. In his book on Jonathan Swift, he noted his interest in biblical archaeology, the study of the Old and New Testaments, English and European literature, the collection of oil paintings, drawings, sculptures, rare books and first editions.

In the Cork Review of 1993 (republished by Cork City Library in 2008), Gerald, in an introduction to the work of his nephew David Marcus, writes about the needs for personal expression. David, himself, was a writer of novels and short stories and an editor of numerous anthologies of Irish fiction and poetry such as the Phoenix Irish Short Stories collections. From 1946, he was a long serving editor of “New Irish Writing” in the Irish Press. He co-founded the page with Terence Smith and they edited it to 1957. Gerald in his reminisces writes about Terence as sitting next to him at school at Presentation College on the Mardyke and in time providing a strong influence in Gerald’s appreciation of English literature. The New Writing page provided a forum for aspiring Irish authors, publishing most of the most important names in Irish fiction, many for the first time, including Dermot Bolger, Ita Daly (whom David Marcus married), Anne Enright, Neil Jordan, Claire Keegan, John McGahern, Joseph O’Connor and Colm Tóibín.

The Irish Press was controlled by Eamonn de Valera and his family and aimed to express the ‘national outlook’ of the thoughts and sentiments of his party supporters and the process of modernisation. The Irish Press was aimed particularly at teachers and schools with strong GAA games and the promotion of the Irish language. Seán Lemass was an early managing director. Shareholders came from both Ireland and the United States.

David’s novel A Land Not Theirs (1968), a fictionalized account of the experiences of the Cork Jewish community during the Irish War of Independence, was a bestseller. In 1986 his second novel, which drew on his experiences among the Cork Jewish community, A Land in Flames was also a popular success. In 2001 Marcus published Oughtobiography – Leaves from the Diary of a Hyphenated Jew, an autobiographical review of his life as an Irish-Jewish person and as a figure in the field of Irish literature. On 3 June, 2005, he was awarded an honorary Degree of Doctor of Literature by the National University of Ireland, University College, Cork.

Such family connections and the positive mindset of creating opportunities for people and developing their talents seem to drive Gerald Goldberg’s values. His passion for collecting antiques was highlighted by the auction of his collection in 2004 consisting of pictures, bronzes, antique furniture, silver, porcelain and glass. As a patron to the arts he was deeply involved with the Cork Orchestral Society, Irish Theatre ballet and the lunchtime concerts in the Crawford College of Art and Design. Trawling through his work Gerard Goldberg has left many legacies but of the most important is perhaps the idea that building ideas and subsequent realities are very important in pushing a city’s identity forward whether that be in politics or the arts.

To be continued…

Captions:

Gerald Goldberg, late 1970s (source: portrait in his book, Jonathan Swift and Contemporary Cork)

David Marcus, writer and editor, nephew of Gerard Goldberg (source: The Lost Soul of the World, reprinted in 2008 by Cork City Library)

 

552b. David Marcus

Kieran’s Heritage Week

 

National Heritage Week, is coordinated by the Heritage Council and runs from 21st – 29th August. Cllr. Kieran McCarthy invites the general public to the following projects he is running for this important week.

 

Sunday, 22 August, 2pm, Heritage Treasure Hunt”, A family and fun activity; start point: outside Cork City Library, Grand Parade, Cork, Duration: 1 ¼ hours

 

Monday, 23 August, 7pm; “Knights, Quarries and Suburban Growth:  A historical walking tour through Ballinlough and environs”, start point: Ballinlough Pitch and Putt car park, opp. Pairc Ui Rinn, Cork, duration: 1 ½ hours

 

Tuesday, 24 August, 11am; lecture entitled ‘The southern suburbs: a history of Ballyphehane and Turners Cross”, Tory Top Library, Ballyphehane, duration: 1 hour

 

Tuesday, 24 August, 7.30pm; lecture entitled: “Tales of Theatre and the Arts in Cork’s History”; Civic Trust House, Pope’s Quay, Cork, duration: 1 hour

 

Friday 25 August, 9-5pm, Kieran’s Lee Valley photographic exhibition for Water Heritage Day at the Lifetime Lab, Lee Road Cork (www.lifetimelab.ie)

 

Saturday, 29 August, 1.30pm; History and Legacy: A historical walking tour through Cork City Hall, start point: City Hall, Anglesea Street entrance, required booking in advance with heritage office, Cork City Hall, 021 4924018, duration: 1 hour

 

Further information on any of the above, contact Cllr Kieran McCarthy, 0876553389, www.corkheritage.ie

Kieran’s Our City, Our Town, 5 August 2010

551a. Gerald Goldberg as represented by a portrait

 

Kieran’s Our City, Our Town, Cork Independent,

5 August 2010

 

In the Footsteps of St. Finbarre (Part 223)

Tangents and Cultural Encounters

 

According to the insitu history panel, in 1887, the first Jewish burial took place in Currykippane and as the community grew in numbers over 300 graves were filled. The southern portion, called The Old Cemetery, was over time filled to capacity, limited by the Jewish religious law of having one grave for one person. The Old Jewish Cemetery is also the last resting place for some passengers from the ill-fated RMS Lusitania disaster.  On 7 May, 1915 the liner was en route from New York to Liverpool when it was struck by a torpedo, 8 miles off the Old Head of Kinsale, Cork.

On 17 March 1949 a further large area was consecrated at Currykippane with the anticipation that the strong growth of numbers to the Jewish Community in Cork would continue.  However, by the 1990’s it was realised that a vast proportion of the area would not be required, due to a fall in Jewish population through emigration.  The Trustees of the Cork Hebrew Congregation offered the surplus ground to Cork County Council for development of St. Mary’s Cemetery. In exchange the remaining section of the Jewish Cemetery was redeveloped and opened by the Chief Rabbi of Ireland, Dr. Yaacov Pearlman in 2007.

One of the country’s intellectual and cultural figures of the twentieth century, Gerald Goldberg’s is buried in the new Jewish plot at Currykippane. His obituary in the Irish Times and Irish Examiner respectively from early January 2004 reveal a man who distinguished himself in the law, as a scholar of history and literature, as a patron of the arts, as a public representative and Lord Mayor of Cork city. Gerald Yael Goldberg was born in Cork on 12 April 1912 (two days before the sinking of the Titanic). His father, Louis, was a Lithuanian Jew from Akmene (www.akmene.lt) in the north of the country who escaped from a podgrom in Russia in 1882 and landed in Ireland. He was at first sheltered by relatives who had settled in Limerick. In 1881 there were thirty-five families in Limerick which rose to 130 in 1896.

 

Louis Goldberg married Rachel Sandlers who belonged to a Jewish family from Akmene in Cork, settled there since 1875. Louis earned his living as a peddlar as did many of the Jews in Ireland at that time. Louis was forced out of Limerick following the anti-Semitic rioting there in 1904 during which he was assaulted. The boycott in Limerick in the first decade of the twentieth century is known as the Limerick Pogrom, and caused many Jews to leave the city. It was instigated by an influential intolerant Catholic priest. A teenager, John Raleigh, was arrested by the British and briefly imprisoned for attacking the Jews’ rebbe, but returned home to a welcoming throng. Limerick’s Jews fled. Many went to Cork, where trans-Atlantic passenger ships docked at Cobh brought them to America.

 

Re-settling at Anglesea Street Cork, Louis and Rachel had a family of 13. Gerald was the third youngest and was educated in Christ Church Protestant national school and then at the Model School, Anglesea Street. As a boy, he remembered the burning of Cork by the Black and Tans especially as his family had to be evacuated from their home.  When Thomas McCurtain, Lord Mayor of Cork, was shot in 1920, his body lay in state afterwards. Amongst the thousands of mourners who filed past his coffin as a small boy of eight was that of Gerald Goldberg. The family eventually moved to no. 10 Parnell Place.

Gerald was sent for a time to a Jewish boarding school in Sussex, England before returning to Cork where he attended the Presentation Brothers College. It was thanks to the principal of the Presentation Brothers, Brother Edward Connolly that Gerald Goldberg got a start in the legal firm of Barry Galvin. He qualified as a solicitor in 1934 after studying in University College Cork. After qualifying as a solicitor in 1934, Goldberg had a career in Criminal Law practice in Cork for 63 years. He was the first Jewish President of the Incorporated Law Society of Ireland. In 1937, he married Sheila Smith, who was a member of a well-known Jewish family in Belfast.

The Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany in the 1930s prompted Gerald as a young solicitor to set up a committee to assist Jews fleeing Nazi persecution to have refuge in Ireland. The original Irish Constitution of 1937 specifically gave constitutional protection to Jews. This was considered to be a necessary component to the constitution by Eamonn De Valera because of the treatment of Jews elsewhere in Europe at the time. Despite the constitution, Gerald Goldberg encountered resistance from various arms of the Irish Government. Some individuals were determined to discourage Jewish immigration for reasons of neutrality and argued that the country was unable to provide subsistence for refugees at that time. It is estimated that Ireland accepted as few as 30 Jewish refugees before and during World War II. A successful applicant in 1938 was typically wealthy, middle-aged or elderly, single from Austria, Roman Catholic and desiring to retire in peace to Ireland and not engage in employment.

To be continued…

Captions:

551a. Gerald Goldberg, Lord Mayor of Cork as represented by a portrait by David Goldberg, in Cork Corporation’s diary for 1978 (source: Cork City Library)

551b. Lord Mayor, Cllr Gerald Goldberg with former Taoiseach, Jack Lynch and Second Officer T. O’Leary at the centenary celebration 1977 of Cork Fire Brigade (source: Cork Corporation Diary, 1978)

551b. Lord Mayor Gerald Goldberg, on right, with former Irish Taoiseach Jack Lynch, on left